Diagnostic utility of CT Hounsfield unit for accurate classification of ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke

Abstract

This study examines the diagnostic value of Hounsfield Unit (HU) measurements on computed tomography (CT) in differentiating ischemic from haemorrhagic stroke, a distinction critical for timely and appropriate clinical intervention. The study aims to quantify HU values for both stroke types and assess their correlation with stroke lesion size and volume. Non-contrast enhanced CT brain images were retrospectively reviewed from the PACS. HU values, demographic characteristics, clinical risk factors, and stroke classifications were analysed quantitatively. The results demonstrated a lower mean HU value in ischemic strokes (24.37 ± 5.85) compared with haemorrhagic strokes (57.17 ± 20.10). Lesion volume was significantly correlated with haemorrhagic stroke (r = 0.829, p = 0.041). These findings highlight the utility of HU values as a potential imaging marker for distinguishing ischemic from haemorrhagic stroke. This may improve diagnostic accuracy and support more informed clinical decision-making, hence contributing to better stroke assessment and management.